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7. Solvent
extraction , Physicochemical Analysis and Cold process
saponification of Nigerian Jatropha curcas L. Seed oil
Warra,
A.A.*1, Wawata, I.G2., Gunu, S.Y.1, Umar, R.A.3 and Birnin Yauri,
A.U.2
1Department of Biochemistry, Kebbi
state University of science &Technology, PMB 1144, Aliero,Nigeria
2Department of Chemistry, Kebbi State University of Science &Technology,
PMB 1144, Aliero,Nigeria
3Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346 ,Sokoto,
Nigeria. Corresponding author E-mail:
aliyuwarra@yahoo.com Tel: +2348076297326
Abstract:
In search of oils that can replace edible oils used for soap
making, Jatropha curcas L. seed oil was exploited. The lipid
fraction of the indigenous Jatropha curcas L. oil seed was
extracted and analysed for the chemical properties. The
parameters analyzed were the Acid value, 1.20 ± 0.065 mgKOH/g
Iodine value, 73.46 ± 5.00 I2/100g saponification value122.49 ±
2.59 mgKOH/g and percentage oil yield was 48 %. Solvent
extraction was used to extract the oil using n-hexane. The pH of
the soap was 9.11, comparably within the higher pH range of 9-11
set by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and
Control (NAFDAC), mostly due to incomplete alkali hydrolysis
resulting from the saponification process. The foam height of
the soap was 5.4 cm higher than that of all other soap solutions
analysed. The soap form a clear solution and was and slightly
soluble in distilled water.
Keywords : Jatropha oil, extraction, saponification, and
physicochemical analysis
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